Deja Vu

Almost all of us have experienced what is called deja vu, a strange feeling that says that the new events we are feeling we've actually experienced much earlier. These events could be a new place that was visited, conversations that are underway, or a TV show being watched. More surprisingly, we also often can not afford to be really remember when and how previous experiences that happened in detail. All we knew was a mysterious sensation which makes us not familiar with the new event. Strangeness of the phenomenon of deja vu is then spawned several metaphysical theories that try to explain because musababnya. One is the theory that deja vu is actually derived from a similar event ever experienced by our souls in one's life previous reincarnations in the past. How to explain his own psychology?

  

Related to Age and Degenerative Diseases

At first, some scientists think that deja vu occurs when the optical sensation received by the eye to the brain (and perceived) first rather than the same sensations received by the other eye, causing a feeling familiar to something that is actually the first time be seen. Theory known as "optical pathway delay" was broken when in December last year found that people can experience deja vu butapun through the senses of smell, hearing, and perabaannya. In addition, before Chris Moulin of the University of Leeds, England, has been found also sufferers of chronic déjà vu: the people who are often able to describe in detail the events that never happened. They felt no need to watch TV because they feel have been watching a TV show before (though not yet), and they even feel no need to go to the doctor to treat 'penyakit'nya because they felt it was going to a doctor and can tell the details during his visit ! Instead of misperceptions or delusions, researchers began to look at the causes of deja vu in the brain and our memory. Recently, an experiment in mice may provide new insight about the origin of deja vu the truth. Susemu Tonegawa, a neuroscientist at MIT, bred a number of mice lacking the dentate gyrus, a small part of the hippocampus, which is functioning normally. This section previously known to be associated with episodic memory, ie memory

about our personal experiences. When encounter a situation, the dentate gyrus will record the signs of visual, audio, smell, time, and other signs of the senses to be matched with our episodic memory. If no match is found, this situation would be 'registered' as a new experience and recorded for future comparisons. According to Tonegawa, normal mice have the same ability as men in matching the similarities and differences between several situations. However, as expected, the mice that the dentate gyrus was not functioning normally and then have difficulty in distinguishing the two situations are similar but not identical. This, he added, could explain why the experience of deja vu increase with age or the emergence of degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease: loss or damage to the cells in the dentate gyrus due to two things make it hard to determine whether something is' new 'or' old '.

Creating 'Deja Vu' in the Laboratory

One of the things that complicate the researchers in unraveling the mystery of deja vu is

natural appearance of a spontaneous and unpredictable. A researcher can not

simply asking participants to come and 'told' they experienced deja vu in a sterile lab conditions. Deja vu usually happens in everyday life, where it is not possible for researchers to continually connect the participants with brain scanners are large and heavy. In addition, the lack of deja vu happens to follow participants anywhere at any time is not an efficient and effective thing to do. However, some researchers have managed to simulate conditions similar to deja vu. As reported by LiveScience, Kenneth Peller from Northwestern University found a simple way to make someone have a 'false memories'. The participants were shown a picture, but they were asked to imagine a totally different picture in their minds. Having done several times, the participants were then asked to choose whether a particular image they actually see or just imagined. Apparently the pictures that are only imagined participants often claimed they actually saw. Therefore, déjà vu may occur when by chance an event experienced by someone similar or identical to the picture imaginable.

LiveScience also reported the trial Akira O'Connor and Chris Moulin of the University of Leeds in creating the sensation of deja vu through hypnosis. The participants were first asked to recall a series of lists of words. Then they were hypnotized so that they 'forget' those words. When the participants are shown a list of similar words, half of them reported a similar sensation like dejavu, while the other half are very confident that they are experiencing is really deja vu. They say this happens because the brain areas associated with familiarity plagued by hypnosis works.

Teknologi Industri PERTANIAN University of Bengkulu UNIB

Passing Grade: Not Available

Accreditation: B

Estimated Number of credits: 144

Address: 0736-21170

Studies Program Phone: 0736-21170

Email Programs: unibagriculture@yahoo.com

Website:

Commenced operations: 1998-02-23

Number SK DIKTI: 69/DIKTI/KEP/2007

SK DIKTI Ends: 2011-04-02

Chairman Prodi: Budiyanto

Show All Department of the University of Bengkulu

Vision

1. Organizing Programs Education Program education The Qualified And Kompotitif, To Support the Development of Students Achieve Success In the field of Agricultural Science and Technology Industrial Applications In Era of Industrialization and Globalization

2. Improving and Developing Capabilities And Competitiveness Study Program in Effective Implementation of Academic Programs, Competitive research and community service Mermanfaat And Can Meet Community Needs Relevant With Growth Period


Mission

Become A Competent Study Programme Against Argoindustri And Peningkaatan Scientific Problems of Industrial Agriculture And Technology Application To Produce Graduates Who Kompten In the field of Agro-Industry And Kompotitif At Local Level, Regional, National, International Nor

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Teachers Lecturers Qualifications

   

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Doctoral S-3 2 people

Master - Master's degree S-2 15

Bachelor S1 S-1 5 people

Data may differ from the faculty professors who continue their education when data is inputted The data will be adjusted when the next update.


Lecturer of Industrial Technology Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bengkulu

Ir. Budiyanto, M.Sc

Prof.Dr.Ir.Yuwana, M.Sc

Hidayat Koto, M. Sc

Sigit Mujiharjo, M. Sc

Wuri Marsigit, M. Sc

Damres Uker, M. Sc

Hasan Basri Daulay, M.S.

Lukman Hidayat, M.P.

Silsia Devi, M. Si

Syafnil, M.S.

Laili Susanti, M. Si

Hasanuddin, M. Sc

Agustina Susiyanti Erni, M. Sc

Pandu Imam Sudibyo, M.S.

Bosman Sidebang, M.S.

Yusril Dany, M.P.

Meizul Zuki, M.S.

Hamida Burhan, M.T.

Bonodikun S, M.P.

Kurnia Herlina Goddess, Ir.

Electrika Fitri Dewi Surawan, S.T.P.

Siti Kusmarjiarti, Dra.


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Black Hole

With the gravitational force is very spectacular cosmic black hole is a monster of its own. The gulf is even obliterate the absence of light.

Black holes (black holes) are often associated with loss of cosmic objects even though the air vehicle, as hinted at in this section relates to the loss of many aircraft in the Bermuda Triangle and the North Atlantic Ocean. Pros and cons of opinion on this matter was never subsided. The story about the Bermuda Triangle seemed to remain mysterious, and be of material that is not inexhaustible.

In the discussion of this phenomenon, let's review a bit what exactly is a black hole or what scientists call a singularity of dim stars that experienced gravitational collapse (gravitational collapse) is perfect.

When traced the term black hole, is not actually long been popular. Two words were first raised by U.S. physicist John Archibald Wheeler in 1968. Wheeler gave this name because of this singularity can not be seen. Why is that? The cause is not because the light can not escape from the confines of the gravitational singularity almighty. The area around the singularity, or commonly referred to as Event Horizon (radius calculated by the formula Schwarzschild radius R = 2GM/C2 where G = 6.67 x 10-11 Nm2kg-2, M = kg mass black hole, C = rapid propagation of light ) became dark. That is why, this region is called a black hole.

With no light can escape, and immediately we can imagine yourself at a glance roughly how big the black hole's gravitational force. To begin to count them, remember that the rapid propagation of light in nature reached 300 million meters per second. For goodness' sake. Then, what happens if the right of a man-made vehicle is sucked into a black hole? Within a few millionths of a second only, of course, be sure the vehicle has been crushed into pulp.

Over two hundred years ago, or rather in 1783. thinking that there is a cosmic monster is actually eliminate other objects ever made by a priest named John Mitchell. Mitchell who was then looking at the theory of gravitation Isaac Newton (1643-1727) argues, when the Earth has an Earth escape velocity of 11 km per second (an object thrown straight up the new will be detached from the influence of Earth's gravity after passing this speed), of course there are other planets or stars that have a greater gravity. Mitchell actually anticipated in the cosmic there is a star with a mass 500 times the sun is able to prevent the escape of light from the surface itself.

So, how exactly is a black hole created? According to the theory of stellar evolution (birth, develops, and death of stars), great-grandson of a black hole is a star blue. Blue star is a nickname for the series of groups of stars whose mass is greater than 1.4 solar masses. Mentioned cosmic physicists, when burning hydrogen in a blue star started after (roughly take 10 million years), he will contract and expand into a giant all-star blue. Furthermore, it will cool into a red giant star almighty. In this phase, due to the gravitational pull of its own, all-star red giant gravitational collapse produces an explosion or commonly known as a supernova.

Characterized by an increase in the brightness of the supernova light to billions of times the ordinary starlight and then gave birth to two classes of stars, ie neutron stars and black holes. Neutron star (or star called a pulsar also pulses) occurs when the mass of collapsing star is greater than 1.4 times but less than three times the mass of the sun. While the stellar mass black holes have collapsed more than three times the mass of the sun. The material forming a black hole then contracted which can not prevent anything from him. Star becomes very incompressible until it becomes a point of infinite density mass, called a singularity earlier.

In the rules of physics, the magnitude of the force of gravity varies inversely as the square of the distance or formulated F μ 1/r2. From this formula we can understand why a black hole has a tremendous gravitational force. With the value of r smaller or close to zero, the gravitational force would be infinite magnitude. The scientists calculate that if such mass of our earth will become a black hole, so that gravity can prevent light out, then it must be compressed into a sphere of radius 1 cm! (Allahu Akbar, God is only one who can do it).

Disk of gas

By their very nature can not be seen, the question then is how to detect the presence of a black hole? The best opportunity to detect it, is recognized by experts, is when he is a double star (two stars that evolve around each other). Black hole will suck all matter and gases thermonuclear explosions of nearby stars. Of internal friction, the gases are sucked it would be very hot (up to 2 million degrees!) And emitting X-rays. From these X-rays initiate steps experts to probe the black hole.

On December 12, 1970, the U.S. launched a small astronomy satellite (Small Astronomical Satellite SAS) of X-ray detection in cosmic named Uhuru off the coast of Kenya. From the results of his observations was found that an all-star blue giant, namely HDE226868 located in the constellation Cygnus (8,000 light years from Earth) has a partner star Cygnus X-1, which can not be detected directly.

Cygnus X-1 revealed its orbit in the form of gases HDE226868 thermonuclear explosion of a moving form of a disc. Cygnus X-1 calculated smaller than Earth, but has a mass six times larger than the mass of the sun. This dim star has been believed by scientists as a black hole. Apart from Cygnus X-1, Uhuru also get the cosmic X-ray source, namely the Cygnus X-3 in the constellation Centaurus and Lupus X-1 in the constellation Lupus. Two of the latter has not been ascertained as a black hole, including 339 other X-ray sources are detected during the operating period of 2.5 years Uhuru.

Exploration of sources of cosmic X-ray satellite was followed by HEAO (High Energy Astronomical Observatory), or the Einstein Observatory in 1978. These satellites discovered another double star in the constellation Circinus, the Circinus X-1 and V861 Scorpii and GX339-4 in the constellation Scorpius.

In 1999, at a cost of 2.8 billion dollars, the U.S. still launch the Chandra telescope, in order to uncover the mysteries of black holes. The Chandra X-ray Observatory NASA's 45 feet long it has managed to make hundreds of high resolution images and capturing the leaps of X-rays from the center of the Milky Way galaxy is 24. 000 light years from Earth. Surprising, because if it is true (it's a leap of X-rays) shows the existence of a black hole at the heart of the Milky Way, then right back to Albert Einstein's theory. He stated, that at the heart of every galaxy there is a black hole!

"Allegations like that was very close to reality," said Frederick Baganoff who led the study, September 2001, told Reuters in Washington. Scientists began to widen the search for the rotation of gas around the edges of the absence of this abyss, looking like a whirlpool.

Search the truth of black holes and theories that support it are still being conducted by experts, as more rapid advancement of technology and science. The question then, if scattered in cosmic black hole, if later on when doomsday, this monster will also eliminate objects universe?

Atlantis

The legend that tells of "Atlantis", was first encountered in ancient Greek philosophy essay: LDua fruit notes dialogues Plato (427-347 BC) ie: book Critias and Timaeus.

In the book Timaeus, Plato recounts: In front of the "Straits of Mainstay Haigelisi, there is a very large island, from there you can go to other islands, in front of the islands are wholly inland sea surrounded by ocean, it is the kingdom of Atlantis. When the new Atlantis will launch a major war with Athens, but beyond a doubt Atlantis suddenly experienced an earthquake and floods, not until a day and night, completely submerged in the sea floor. major countries that have a high civilization and even then disappear overnight. "

One section in the book Critias dialogue, recorded the story of Atlantis was told by Critias younger cousin. Critias is the pupil of the philosopher Socrates, three times he emphasized the existence of Atlantis in dialog.Kisahnya derived from oral stories of fathers Joepe man Critias, while Joepe also heard from a Greek poet named Solon (639-559 BC). Solon was the wisest among seven mahabijak ancient Greece, a time when Solon around Egypt, from the place of worship ancestral graves to know the legend of Atlantis. Note in the dialogue, in outline as follows:

"There is a large inland over the Atlantic Ocean west of the Mediterranean are very far away, who are proud of the amazing civilization. He produced gold and silver are innumerable: the palace is surrounded by walls lined by a wall of gold and silver. Bertakhtakan palace walls in gold, brilliant and magnificent. There, the level of development of civilization amaze people. Having the port and ships with the perfect equipment, there are also things that can bring people to fly. Her power is not just confined to Europe, even as far away as mainland Africa. After the devastating earthquake, he tenggelamlah to the seabed and its civilization, is also lost in people's memories. "

ATLANTIS is described as a civilization with a high rate of technological progress. That said, Aircraft, Air conditioning, batteries, etc. have been there at that time

Archaeologists investigation

According to Plato's version of the calculation, the sinking of the kingdom of Atlantis, about 11,150 years ago. Plato once said several times, the state of the kingdom of Atlantis is told from generation to generation. Absolutely not rekaannya own. Plato even went to Egypt for guidance monk and famous monk local time. Teacher of Plato is Socrates when talking about the kingdom of Atlantis also stressed, because it is real, its value is much stronger than the story that is engineered.

If all of which expressed Plato was indeed real, then since 12,000 years ago, human civilization has created. But where is the kingdom of Atlantis? Since thousands of years ago people put enormous interest to it. Until the 20th century since the 1960's, Bermuda sea located in the western Atlantic Ocean, in the Bahamas, and the sea around the islands in a row Florida had found the magic that shook the world.

* One day in 1968, around Bimini Islands in the Atlantic Ocean island cluster of the Bahamas, the sea was calm and clear like a glass of bright, transparent to the bottom of the sea. Some of the divers on the way back to the islands of Bimini, suddenly there was a startled scream. On the seabed there is a big way! Some divers simultaneously plunged to the bottom, it turns out there was indeed a major road stretches composed of stone giants. It is a road that was built using stone rectangles and polygons, stone size and thickness are not the same, but its formulation is very neat, bright contours. Whether this is the way his post kingdom of Atlantis?

* Early '70s, a group of researchers have arrived at around islands Yasuel, the Atlantic Ocean. They have taken the core of rock by drilling at a depth of 800 meters on the seabed, for scientific expression, the place was indeed a land at 12,000 years ago. Conclusions are drawn on the basis of science technology, so much like that depicted Plato! But is this where the sinking of the kingdom of Atlantis?

* In 1974, a marine vessel observers of the Soviet Union has made eight sheets of photos that if abstracted to form a human masterpiece of ancient buildings! Is this built by the people of Atlantis?

* In 1979, the American and French scientists with a highly sophisticated instrument devices to find the pyramid on the seabed "triangle of death" Bermuda sea. The length of the pyramid of approximately 300 meters, approximately 200 meters high, the apex of the pyramid with the surface of the ocean is only 100 meters, bigger than the pyramids of Egypt. The bottom of the pyramid there are two giant holes, sea water with amazing speed flows in the bottom of the hole. This large pyramid, whether built by the people of Atlantis? Atlanta royal troops had conquered Egypt, whether the people of Atlantis to bring civilization to the Egyptian pyramids? American continent there are also pyramids, whether derived from Egypt or from the kingdom of Atlantis?

* In 1985, two Norwegian sailors discover an ancient city beneath the sea area "triangle of death". In the photos made by them both, there are plains, large vertical and horizontal road and tunnel, dome-roofed houses, arenas complaints (animals), temples, river banks etc.. They both said: "Absolute trust, which we found was the Atlantic Continent! Exactly as Plato described, "Is it true?

Regrettably, the pyramids Bermuda triangle seabed, successfully investigated from the upper surface of the sea by using sophisticated instruments, until now no one scientist can determine whether a building is actually built by human labor, because it may be an underwater mountain peak pyramid-shaped.

Photo relics of ancient buildings on the sea floor taken the Russian expedition team, also can not prove there is the former site of the kingdom of Atlantis. After that there is a team expedition dive to the bottom of the ocean the way a rock at the base of the Atlantic island of Bimini, take samples of "street rock" and do the research laboratory and analyzed.

The results show that the way this stone has not reached the age of 10,000 years. If the road is made by the kingdom of Atlantis, at least not less than 10,000 years. Regarding the photos that show both the Norwegian sailor, up to now can not even prove anything.

The only proper conclusion that can be obtained is true there is a land that sank in the Atlantic seabed. If it really is over the Atlantic ocean kingdom of Atlantis ever existed, and indeed the kingdom of Atlantis sank in the Atlantic ocean floor, then at the bottom of the Atlantic ocean can definitely be found scars. Until now, the kingdom of Atlantis remains a mystery of all time.